Extraction of Pomegranate Peel and Seeds with One Solvent Phase: New Functionality and Non-Functional Requirements

This study was conducted in order to show the transformative potential of extracting into the same solution and using the substances of the component composition of pomegranate peel and their seeds. First, the peel from hand-peeled pomegranates and seeds from juicing their grains in a laboratory press were crushed using a Reitz mill, then mixed taking into account the natural ratio between these parts in three different pomegranate samples [1-1.58/1, 2-1.03/1 and 3-3.77/1 (weight/weight)]. Maceration of these three mixtures was tested with a 1:2 hydromodule (g/ml) for 4.5 hours at 63 °C (mixtures 1 and 2) and for 2.5 hours at 50-55 °C with the addition of 0.15% of the enzyme Fructozym MA-LG by weight of the extraction mixture (mixture 3). Under these conditions, 44.48±0.97 % came out of mixture 1 into solution, 58.04±1.03 % from mixture 2, and 61.16±1.55% of dry substances from their total weight in the initial crude mixture from mixture 3. At the same time, more protein and fiber came out of mixtures 1 and 2 into solutions, but less fat than from mixture 3. Condensed extracts with a dry matter content of 57.0±0.5 g/100 ml were obtained from the primary extracts, including 3.24±0.03 - 4.93±0.04 g/100 ml of polyphenols and 2.80±0.02-4.00±0.04 g/100 ml of fatty oil. The insoluble residues were converted into two dietary powders with a high protein content (from 6.25±0.06 to 8.37±0.09 g/100 g dry weight) and fiber (from 58.98±0.58 to 62.6±0.65g/100 g dry weight).