CD5 Expression by Innate Lymphoid Cells Type 2 in Multiple Myeloma Before and After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Multiple myeloma is a malignant tumor disease that affects plasma cells and is one of the most common tumors of lymphoid origin. In the process of oncogenesis, that is, the formation of a tumor, there is a significant change in the immune balance in the body, which leads to the suppression of the immune response to the tumor. This suppression is one of the reasons why the tumor can progress and cause serious health problems for the patient. One of the key factors that affect immune balance is innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). ILCs play an important role in regulating the immune response and can both promote and hinder the development of tumor processes, depending on their functional state and interaction with other cells of the immune system. It has been shown that the number of immature CD5+ILC2s cells in the peripheral blood of patients with multiple myeloma is comparable to that of healthy individuals. However, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in MM patients leads to an increase in the relative number of CD5+ILC2s.