Correlation Between Glycemic Control and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Cross-Sectional Experimental Study

Background: A scarcity of evidence-based study concerning the correlation between impaired lipid metabolism and the onset of cardiometabolic complications in Yemeni diabetic patients. Objective: An experimental based cross-sectional study aimed to explore the link between lipid abnormalities and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Out of 145 individuals diagnosed with T2DM were participated in this study. Anthropometric status of chosen patients was measured, isolated blood samples were investigated for fasting blood glucose (FBS), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and fasting serum lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple logistic regression were used in data analysis. Results: T2DM patients aged from 20 to 80 years, with an average age of 54.35±8.02 years. 82 males (56.6%) and 63 females (43.4%) were grouped in gender. The majority of subjects (72.4%) were not at diabetic dyslipidemia risk, while 27.6% were counted at risk. Body mass index (BMI), FBS, and HbA1c mean values were 25.02±5.22 kg/m², 0.37±0.489, and 1.67±0.474, respectively. Statistically, a positive association was observed between HbA1c and FBS with BMI, TC, TG, and LDL-C, while negative correlations were found with HDL-C. Diabetic patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 6.0) had shown higher TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C in comparison with subjects had good glycemic control (HbA1c < 6.0). Conclusion: The results demonstrate that HbA1c levels can serve as a predicator marker for manifesting diabetic patients at high risk, facilizing early diagnosis of dyslipidemia and aiding timely treatment with lipid-controlling therapies.