Integrating AI and Blockchain in Supply Chains: An SDRT-Based Resilience Framework

The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain Technology (BCT) is transforming supply-chain ecosystems by enhancing transparency, intelligence, and automation. However, existing research lacks a unified theory explaining how these technologies jointly create resilience across organizational levels. This paper extends the Strategic–Decentralized Resilience Theory (SDRT), originally developed to guide effec-tive blockchain implementation, by integrating Agentic AI capabilities to form the SDRT–Agentic AI framework. The framework conceptualizes how predictive, adaptive, and agentic (autonomous) AI capabilities reinforce SDRT’s three pillars: Strategic, Or-ganizational, and Decentralized Resilience. The framework draws on three AI modali-ties—predictive AI for strategic foresight and agility, adaptive AI for organizational learning and flexibility, and agentic AI for self-governed, trustless coordination within blockchain ecosystems. Together, these mechanisms explain how intelligent and de-centralized systems co-evolve to generate dynamic, multi-level resilience. This con-ceptual paper develops a comprehensive model and propositions describing interac-tions between AI capabilities and blockchain-based organizational structures. It con-tributes to information systems and supply-chain research by unifying two fragmented domains, AI and blockchain, under a resilience-oriented mid-range theory. Practically, the framework provides managers with a roadmap to align AI investments with de-centralized governance mechanisms, enabling proactive decision-making, adaptability, and sustainable competitiveness in increasingly autonomous digital environments.